Speaking and listening may not be formally assessed in primary schools, but they’re vital skills for every child.

We’re all keen for our children to build their literacy skills at school, and become confident readers and fluent writers. But developing a mastery of English isn’t just about reading and writing: it’s also about becoming a good speaker. Oracy is the ability to express yourself clearly and communicate with others effectively through spoken language.

‘It’s about having the vocabulary to say what you want to say, and the ability to structure your thoughts so that they make sense to others.'

A key part of oracy is for children to think carefully about the language they’re using, and tailor it to their subject, purpose and audience. For example, a Year 6 pupil should understand that they need to use simpler words and sentence structures when explaining the rules of a game to a Reception child than they would if they were with their peers.

• Discussion: exchanging ideas with others
• Instruction: telling someone what to do, or explaining facts
• Dialogue: having a conversation with someone, listening and showing an interest in what they say

Oracy isn’t, however, just about being a good talker – or talking lots. It also includes listening to others, and responding appropriately.